{"id":1860,"date":"2024-08-14T01:19:11","date_gmt":"2024-08-14T01:19:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thepcba.com\/?p=1860"},"modified":"2024-08-14T07:34:10","modified_gmt":"2024-08-14T07:34:10","slug":"pcb-testing-and-troubleshooting-methods","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thepcba.com\/lt\/pcb-testing-and-troubleshooting-methods\/","title":{"rendered":"PCB testavimo ir trik\u010di\u0173 \u0161alinimo metodai"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"row\"  id=\"row-1029906762\">\n\n\t<div id=\"col-34366210\" class=\"col medium-6 small-12 large-6\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t<div class=\"img has-hover x md-x lg-x y md-y lg-y\" id=\"image_1759277151\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"img-inner dark\" >\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1020\" height=\"680\" src=\"https:\/\/thepcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/274e68189e304296a8257a60e589240c1-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"PCB testavimas\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thepcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/274e68189e304296a8257a60e589240c1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/thepcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/274e68189e304296a8257a60e589240c1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/thepcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/274e68189e304296a8257a60e589240c1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/thepcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/274e68189e304296a8257a60e589240c1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/thepcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/274e68189e304296a8257a60e589240c1-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/thepcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/274e68189e304296a8257a60e589240c1-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/thepcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/274e68189e304296a8257a60e589240c1.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#image_1759277151 {\n  width: 100%;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\n\t<div id=\"col-1699077646\" class=\"col medium-6 small-12 large-6\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Turinys<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Perjungti turinio lentel\u0119\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Perjungti<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/thepcba.com\/lt\/pcb-testing-and-troubleshooting-methods\/#Introduction\" >\u012evadas<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/thepcba.com\/lt\/pcb-testing-and-troubleshooting-methods\/#Determining_the_Testing_Requirements\" >Testavimo reikalavim\u0173 nustatymas<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/thepcba.com\/lt\/pcb-testing-and-troubleshooting-methods\/#In-Circuit_Testing_and_Boundary_Scan_Testing\" >Bandymai grandin\u0117je ir ribinio skenavimo bandymai<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/thepcba.com\/lt\/pcb-testing-and-troubleshooting-methods\/#Troubleshooting_Defective_PCBs\" >Sugedusi\u0173 PCB trik\u010di\u0173 \u0161alinimas<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/thepcba.com\/lt\/pcb-testing-and-troubleshooting-methods\/#Simulation_and_Advanced_Tools\" >Modeliavimas ir i\u0161pl\u0117stiniai \u012frankiai<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/thepcba.com\/lt\/pcb-testing-and-troubleshooting-methods\/#Conclusion\" >I\u0161vada<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/thepcba.com\/lt\/pcb-testing-and-troubleshooting-methods\/#FAQs\" >DUK<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction\"><\/span>\u012evadas<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>PCB bandymai ir trik\u010di\u0173 \u0161alinimo metodai yra labai svarb\u016bs spausdintini\u0173 plok\u0161\u010di\u0173 k\u016brimo ir gamybos etapai. Atsi\u017evelgiant \u012f j\u0173 sud\u0117tingum\u0105, norint u\u017etikrinti funkcionalum\u0105, patikimum\u0105 ir kokyb\u0119, b\u016btina atlikti grie\u017etus bandymus. \u0160iame straipsnyje nagrin\u0117jami \u012fvair\u016bs spausdintini\u0173 plok\u0161\u010di\u0173 testavimo ir trik\u010di\u0173 \u0161alinimo metodai, naudojami siekiant nustatyti defektus, patikrinti veikim\u0105 ir u\u017etikrinti, kad galutinis gaminys atitikt\u0173 reikiamus standartus.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Determining_the_Testing_Requirements\"><\/span>Testavimo reikalavim\u0173 nustatymas<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Tinkam\u0173 bandym\u0173 metod\u0173 nustatymas<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pirmasis PCB bandym\u0173 etapas - nustatyti, kokio tipo bandym\u0173 reikia. Tai priklauso nuo PCB tipo, numatomos paskirties ir reikiamo kokyb\u0117s kontrol\u0117s lygio. Bandym\u0173 metodai apima vizualin\u0119 patikr\u0105, elektrinius ir funkcinius bandymus. Vizualiai tikrinama, ar n\u0117ra defekt\u0173, pavyzd\u017eiui, \u012ftr\u016bkim\u0173, \u012fbr\u0117\u017eim\u0173 ir oksidacijos. Elektriniais bandymais matuojamos PCB elektrin\u0117s charakteristikos, pavyzd\u017eiui, var\u017ea, talpa ir induktyvumas. Funkciniais bandymais \u012fvertinamas PCB veikimas \u012fvairiomis s\u0105lygomis, pavyzd\u017eiui, esant temperat\u016brai, dr\u0117gmei ir vibracijai.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In-Circuit_Testing_and_Boundary_Scan_Testing\"><\/span>Bandymai grandin\u0117je ir ribinio skenavimo bandymai<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>I\u0161sam\u016bs testavimo metodai<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Vienas i\u0161 labiausiai paplitusi\u0173 spausdintini\u0173 plok\u0161\u010di\u0173 bandym\u0173 metod\u0173 - bandymai grandin\u0117je (angl. in-circuit testing, ICT). Jis apima spausdintin\u0117s plok\u0161t\u0117s prijungim\u0105 prie bandym\u0173 \u012ftaiso ir elektrini\u0173 signal\u0173 siuntim\u0105 jos komponentams ir jungtims i\u0161bandyti. IRT yra ypa\u010d veiksmingas, kai spausdintin\u0117s plok\u0161t\u0117s turi sud\u0117tingas grandines ir daug komponent\u0173. Ribinio nuskaitymo bandymas (BST) yra kitas metodas, naudojamas PCB jung\u010di\u0173 vientisumui patikrinti per ribinio nuskaitymo prievadus, taip u\u017etikrinant teising\u0105 grandyn\u0173 veikim\u0105.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Troubleshooting_Defective_PCBs\"><\/span>Sugedusi\u0173 PCB trik\u010di\u0173 \u0161alinimas<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Problem\u0173 nustatymas ir sprendimas<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>PCB trik\u010di\u0173 \u0161alinimas yra labai svarbi bandym\u0173 proceso dalis, b\u016btina norint nustatyti ir i\u0161spr\u0119sti problemas, kai PCB neveikia taip, kaip tik\u0117tasi. Tai apima spausdintin\u0117s plok\u0161t\u0117s projekto, gamybos proceso ir bandym\u0173 rezultat\u0173 analiz\u0119. Siekiant nustatyti ir pa\u0161alinti bet kokius defektus, trik\u010di\u0173 \u0161alinimo metodai apima vizualin\u0119 ap\u017ei\u016br\u0105, elektrinius bandymus ir funkcinius bandymus, pana\u0161ius \u012f pradinius bandym\u0173 metodus.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Simulation_and_Advanced_Tools\"><\/span>Modeliavimas ir i\u0161pl\u0117stiniai \u012frankiai<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Technologij\u0173 panaudojimas tikslumui u\u017etikrinti<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Modeliavimo programin\u0117s \u012frangos naudojimas yra svarbus PCB testavimo ir trik\u010di\u0173 \u0161alinimo aspektas. Projektuotojai gali imituoti savo PCB elgsen\u0105 prie\u0161 gamyb\u0105, nustatyti galimus projekto tr\u016bkumus ir atlikti reikiamus pakeitimus. Modeliavimo programin\u0117 \u012franga taip pat gali imituoti \u012fvairius bandym\u0173 scenarijus, tod\u0117l projektuotojai gali numatyti \u012fvairi\u0173 bandym\u0173 metod\u0173 rezultatus. Be modeliavimo, atliekant spausdintini\u0173 plok\u0161\u010di\u0173 bandymus ir trik\u010di\u0173 \u0161alinim\u0105 labai svarb\u016bs yra specializuoti \u012frankiai ir \u012franga, pavyzd\u017eiui, oscilografai, loginiai analizatoriai ir signal\u0173 generatoriai.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>I\u0161vada<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>PCB bandymai ir trik\u010di\u0173 \u0161alinimas yra esminiai spausdintini\u0173 plok\u0161\u010di\u0173 k\u016brimo ir gamybos etapai. Taikydami \u012fvairius bandym\u0173 metodus ir \u0161alindami defektus, naudodami modeliavimo programin\u0119 \u012frang\u0105 ir specializuotas priemones, projektuotojai ir gamintojai gali u\u017etikrinti, kad j\u0173 spausdintin\u0117s plok\u0161t\u0117s atitikt\u0173 reikalaujamus standartus ir veikt\u0173 taip, kaip tikimasi. \u0160i\u0173 metod\u0173 i\u0161manymas yra labai svarbus norint gaminti patikimus ir auk\u0161tos kokyb\u0117s elektroninius komponentus.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAQs\"><\/span>DUK<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><strong>K: Koks yra grandin\u0117je atliekam\u0173 bandym\u0173 (ICT) tikslas atliekant PCB bandymus?<\/strong><br \/>A: Atliekant bandymus grandin\u0117je (ICT), PCB prijungiama prie bandymo \u012ftaiso ir elektros signalais i\u0161bandomi komponentai ir jungtys. Tai veiksminga bandant PCB su sud\u0117tingomis grandin\u0117mis ir daugeliu komponent\u0173.<\/p>\n<p><strong>K: Kaip veikia ribinio skenavimo testavimas (BST)?<\/strong><br \/>A: Ribinio skenavimo testavimas (BST) tikrina spausdintin\u0117s plok\u0161t\u0117s jung\u010di\u0173 vientisum\u0105 testuojant jos ribinio skenavimo prievadus, taip u\u017etikrinant teising\u0105 grandyn\u0173 veikim\u0105.<\/p>\n<p><strong>K: Kod\u0117l imitavimo programin\u0117 \u012franga yra svarbi atliekant spausdintini\u0173 plok\u0161\u010di\u0173 bandymus?<\/strong><br \/>A.: Modeliavimo programin\u0117 \u012franga leid\u017eia projektuotojams imituoti spausdintini\u0173 plok\u0161\u010di\u0173 elgsen\u0105 prie\u0161 gamyb\u0105, padeda nustatyti galimus projekto tr\u016bkumus ir atitinkamai juos pakoreguoti, taip pat imituoja \u012fvairius bandym\u0173 scenarijus prognozavimo tikslais.<\/p>\n<p><strong>K: Kokie specializuoti \u012frankiai naudojami PCB testavimui ir trik\u010di\u0173 \u0161alinimui?<\/strong><br \/>A: Specializuoti \u012frankiai yra oscilografai elektriniams signalams matuoti, loginiai analizatoriai skaitmeniniams signalams analizuoti ir signal\u0173 generatoriai, skirti spausdintini\u0173 plok\u0161\u010di\u0173 bandym\u0173 signalams generuoti.<\/p>\n<p><strong>K: Koki\u0173 defekt\u0173 da\u017eniausiai ie\u0161koma atliekant vizualin\u0119 PCB patikr\u0105?<\/strong><br \/>A: Da\u017eniausiai pasitaikantys defektai yra \u012ftr\u016bkimai, \u012fbr\u0117\u017eimai, oksidacija ir kitos matomos problemos, kurios gali tur\u0117ti \u012ftakos PCB veikimui.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bandym\u0173 reikalavim\u0173 nustatymas Tinkam\u0173 bandym\u0173 metod\u0173 nustatymas Pirmasis PCB bandym\u0173 etapas - nustatyti reikaling\u0173 bandym\u0173 tip\u0105. Tai priklauso nuo PCB tipo, numatomos paskirties ir reikiamo kokyb\u0117s kontrol\u0117s lygio. Bandym\u0173 metodai apima vizualin\u0119 patikr\u0105, elektrinius bandymus ir funkcinius bandymus. Vizualiai tikrinama, ar n\u0117ra defekt\u0173, pavyzd\u017eiui, \u012ftr\u016bkim\u0173, \u012fbr\u0117\u017eim\u0173, [...]","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1904,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thepcba.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1860"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thepcba.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thepcba.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thepcba.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thepcba.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1860"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/thepcba.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1860\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1905,"href":"https:\/\/thepcba.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1860\/revisions\/1905"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thepcba.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1904"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thepcba.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1860"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thepcba.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1860"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thepcba.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1860"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}